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验证码是一种区分用户是计算机还是人的公共全自动程序。在登录功能中加入验证码验证，可以有效防止以下安全问题：
1. 防止暴力破解：攻击者通过自动化脚本尝试大量用户名和密码组合，验证码可以显著增加攻击成本。
2. 防止恶意注册：在注册功能中，验证码可以防止恶意用户通过脚本批量注册账号。
3. 防止爬虫攻击：验证码可以阻止自动化爬虫对网站数据的抓取。
4. 提升安全性：验证码是防止自动化攻击的有效手段，能够显著提升系统的安全性。引入依赖
在 pom.xml 配置文件中引入依赖：
js
<!-- 依赖声明 -->
<dependencies>
<!-- 验证码 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.xiaomayi</groupId>
<artifactId>xiaomayi-captcha</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>接收请求
js
package com.xiaomayi.admin.controller;
import com.xiaomayi.core.utils.R;
import com.xiaomayi.logger.annotation.LoginLog;
import com.xiaomayi.logger.annotation.RequestLog;
import com.xiaomayi.logger.enums.LoginType;
import com.xiaomayi.logger.enums.RequestType;
import com.xiaomayi.system.dto.LoginDTO;
import com.xiaomayi.admin.service.LoginService;
import com.xiaomayi.system.dto.RegisterDTO;
import com.xiaomayi.tenant.annotation.TenantIgnore;
import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.Operation;
import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.tags.Tag;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* <p>
* 用户表 前端控制器
* </p>
*
* @author 小蚂蚁云团队
* @since 2024-05-21
*/
@RestController
@Tag(name = "登录", description = "登录")
@AllArgsConstructor
public class LoginController {
@Autowired
private LoginService loginService;
/**
* 获取验证码
*
* @return 返回结果
*/
@Operation(summary = "获取验证码", description = "获取验证码")
@RequestLog(title = "获取验证码", type = RequestType.OTHER)
@GetMapping("/captcha")
public R captcha() {
return loginService.captcha();
}
}类库工具
js
package com.xiaomayi.captcha.utils;
import com.wf.captcha.SpecCaptcha;
import com.wf.captcha.base.Captcha;
import com.xiaomayi.redis.core.RedisCache;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
/**
* <p>
* 验证码工具类
* </p>
*
* @author 小蚂蚁云团队
* @since 2024-06-04
*/
@Component
public class CaptchaUtil {
@Autowired
private RedisCache redisCache;
/**
* 获取验证码
*
* @return 返回结果
*/
public Map<String, String> getCaptcha() {
// 实例化验证码对象，png类型
SpecCaptcha specCaptcha = new SpecCaptcha(130, 48, 5);
// 设置字体
specCaptcha.setCharType(Captcha.FONT_1);
// 设置类型，纯数字、纯字母、字母数字混合
specCaptcha.setCharType(Captcha.TYPE_DEFAULT);
String verCode = specCaptcha.text().toLowerCase();
String key = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
// 设置Redis缓存，有效期5分钟
redisCache.setCacheObject(key, verCode, 5, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
// 将key和base64返回给前端
String base64Captcha = specCaptcha.toBase64();
// 返回结果
Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<>();
result.put("key", key);
result.put("captcha", base64Captcha);
return result;
}
}结果输出
js
{
"code": 0,
"msg": "操作成功",
"data": {
"captcha": "data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAIIAAAAwCAIAAABSYzXUAAARfUlEQVR4Xu1aCVRb15mWHTtpnGSapm7WdqZJJs20nSY5sRsn8ZakTVInjVNPkzNxtsatI7ANGGyM4y12cLBZbBNjExAgNrEaMPu+GGx2EPsmLLHJIHaB2ISEePM9XfH09BCLT086HB++8x/Oe/+99+nd/7v3X+6DRy1jCYDHVSzj/wPLNCwJLNOwJLBMw5LAMg1LAss0LAlwaege1ojbxzjKfz16ZD3Rp6N9LHwijkcUxxRrNVpujzsLXBpOJXbx+OX/fareJU3RqdRwWv9liHaMlpXJcKFUKLOF2WmX07g97ixwaTibqnj4YBWYgNxlKX7ru2ZR8cDYpI7T7YeG3z6/Ke0UuZ4YnfC38Tdtv9PApQHQ6qYTq4c+8Jbds1dM+LjPuuJz/9bMhmHdNLfzD4Swo2FD3UPkWlIoSXJPMm2/02CGBgaDY1Peeb2bXJsIGZDHHarto+WVHT948CiJKckR5qhH1ZIiSfDB4IHOAW6POwsmNEyM9hdE7g+wfTBg/48Tzm2VlkUQfUuf+pvErmeO1zJ8/PZU/ZkURVv/JHu4WSi7lFVpVVk+WbmBuRneGRMjE9we5jClmcryzQq0C0y6kMRw0DNGBdRQnyVSL/hTD7lTq12on7hTzwkpqwwqRUb98ztVp9NhC0rLpEVRRYkXEkWHRL57fLEvyxPL0cTtvRAKqqV8J9EzO46v2Wj16i6XPuUItwcLJjSkeGwT8HlsCT74cJrn9qo0lx5ZkW5KUyQbtQrv+NlM8IBscWvCjukbMZPJtFa2xnwbI+ALiATYBOAvMh9Vv8rQoaq1Ia9BO2lmLAcw8YextN15Z+eUp70o/2ruwPkx3DMsK5eVxZdleGVEnoyE0Zm35UhlaiV38NzoGVC9f8CTt47Pls+/ni+8GWmAlYVWazg0sAWtiedfL4k5LCkJi79e+olQusaqgpCxeo/4HY+bCOajauOqEVoJkXHGno0VJ4qxJwqvFJIpXQu4hlZVnwpxGLcie1FTfhO10Fr+hSf1Oz9KUEkV3KLkKmpMQ3MzrKYa+6mQOur9aGqVnqQdMdTEQrS217SneaYFHQxiGxocRJyISL2Uivesz6vvbOwcVY5mCjJJa9SpKO5T5kClpOOJbQ6w+8rfW2y38/SPL2jr6sftj7fu53ZlwUhDX0cFY3FVfys1PT05PjQgr75ZElp4xS7eZaNw370mrFjfF+u80d/9SwtHl8ct4wgfIOYj35bYSqVaOx1yOES4T8gkPI3XG8mUYHcYPU+Uh2uYw9eSXoPxrvEjA/Nt2/eiqGe8uUo2anupp7xoJrBv5gfZl8H2wele6eJkMXYtfJFZt4NW8s5YT5MTC3vghpautX84AKM/v9OxSiKHprFV4RGRQ1jh9mbBSEP9NU9i38gTz7I6GKHTafs7Khtv+N4I2zubFe8Tr8JBMc7q32wqXRxojyRv6iTDe1p7mKUnr5ODobAjYdPT071tvZEnIgV6f4Vb09804pt82sQ/cqPucqZWnKXudqV+fpm2eApdXRiQLzc4qOgmo3I28EP4ObgjthIRqDyhPM4lDskx6CFKMMS8c6fEMJG5MK7W/PqDk7D4li/dRsbUze0926w9GKf0o1f2cQewYKQhyf2PxKAhDk8URtq21yRNaeYLp3BiPS3F9bnf54dbEZcFZcfgpFt693qnBjCxgx+Pt//AOnl3cFtWo2pSrWWcLzYK/lalV5FHFV0pIvqOug6T32ChtIsbDBg5U2joMzJp0GwIMhnLQbZfNn4LP4rr8eHx2qxaVOyMuSGhX4WSngqpglFWpy8QeQ57xMDcP992uH9oND6v6oHNNgwHd/3e8pE37bkDWDDSgASJvboh/jYPZAs/aS4KnhjpYw3hYlyFZc4LP/oUWyntVbsKyvH2+/nhZH+gKrxgT696Iogc6jE13XWaCj0SSpTzR8K96VwCiCBrIshuM2iwaeZB/bV6gd4pRTlGwduwCSCC1I70TP4umVHmh+ebPsYE3QPDyIhg8ZjsirTCurtf3stwQGTXN4HcMSwYaZDXp0c5PsdhgtkfpI9OO1mZerYpX9glyVUqGqe0tB2R16JPutcO5lEEQz1DeHs/a/9T8Z3/9XUdmHhfvz+IhHvmaPU5Zre0m1G2V7dzHsLG5BS1JYTLAeTxS3QrHrZRZNA86cUdywYSJB9LM9YngjJFo6ZPcZDFMUrsY6VCyX0QC27B6bD1cx85KvqHH3zNlpj+P/58RBif364YmDIXeNjglm/K7qaazAvxrpvYNESe/DVp7WsrZ+t9LFZGnPhV2JFf4roq3dX0SfQyD9hPB8ORQTr21twaPx1YS2blxfdZyy9ce6Dq70FtoZeyiFJoLVzwCG9cS4nq6FXfOkSNaihPMW10+xy6aR9rr9hmcQdyUJlWOZsAInU5dZQ+kfO39meUpbGl3EeYYv1nTrC7d0wecU2QR9+y7+ge5PabA1waGHQ25TDmhmsiSoRoNg2MIFzDNZk+gEbiuUTMQd5A5wzAtG4aaw2aC2cyfnOS3h/38Esu8um0FRLomrLIwyskqfszqUc9aIt/kUSpJql/pBg5uP88dctQmcwHRCYYOsQhJPVyKli5WXrTd68vkgWkTHjPeBfjxkUii3KSO54FBIMV6y0QAHoHVY+9fYjQ4CRM4fabG3PS0NNawli5NO4YUXZKrtEaixUcGvKC/mE62gCUo5gGYiCjKYgoiPw6kiR/jYqJc56G4Ax5np91776K9z2lgYX9A6NzbgutjrrXjTY3P5USK2gO3ggz8VG3W8QRoGLAO7TX0l5RnGTIU4ksmCMhHsDuKJXL6tuYYHDgwpU/7nHHnlj1kiXc1LpPnbBR5qql56QBiSlj5cbrPkQpLQ3HLcJDydWvok+/4Gu5CpTk+H+mmTC//KRlUkwjLziP0Ywpx9jnGbHOsWSq3vv8tzg3rrAw5LurLMWvn5e4Z/W09OnDuCl+JaDNfV2fVUU1mnBwJJfbeTFAPY93SPVIxTVqCHY5zX75uXDQPQp2PylIcA5MY2gwK4//yeFmhxm3MScNBRE2DA1wUERZk+WO2+ZiEbmdnkbMnu+Yb7h3GDOJdozmNuiBPSGwMMz2RtgNaBTDGp/rfW9fbGYOd3n6jx/H4zoLZaPMQLss2uK++nQGUT5JSrkVG7jZGkqp5/MfZoCAhAoGHgk5BW6TLxqzIyTWk+MLV21bvzwHE2cUN3x4WMBY/MVPvvWLo+OzRjuFuB2QUEBCN8K4dorre7k0VCoqj2Ufeyf0nVMHHmBoGBtWkNbi6EO4ba24ajpoPgTaBSIpNOSms4DUEN5ZYOq4gBG1Lrx04FNhy4O2lQwfj9hX7wpsjRYPimqmYfGVzrTphTMuqHfMEC0QNm4LpXGleIGS2BJct1S0MBxgidxquMXtbQ6oCWBf5Kw77L1wcf9ma5+r12eXop5XrhGGkD5xmow0TOmmnG84vxf2XkxDTKeqM8jup4SDy3tXQ49W9Mn23QmN4ia9cheJZHd6cWF6bOXo4CizysZV43TdYCEQJ4vZfQiQ1OY0qWwjO54+Zjzfvdu6euVZmgkiF8sMnc+X0LerXSjpfLmlCbAD/Pb6oV7TTmqxLXDB0FAQWYDSuii6CErkGsN9w9zBM0BwhnGxxotqZO/uv1Qr7bySWf5n28u/eOcwiudn/+eEa1A6clbU1YSGzbu5dY2RBtjaKtlqTEM7mTFlJ7MV4lw3QY9W6ONcXoVG1Wdi0/mBVI/2OSEmzInsRfADzIcdzDDsaBi65QblTs99YN3UPeGa3r31nASRg3e0j6HhPtep2EolNlDbkEFzuoA7di4QF0RWSVlCGcOBr6UvE7eIIPnubevljtdj9YY9MK5SRZsOydJLn58h5n7yvaOF1bKL4dm4tj0fOa7WED22C+cJBhrgi7APCAeAvC6NoaEgcj/0aK2QlyAx9d2zWjd1G9+oybFM+PFwtjLoAH26KTokQiVFNOPD4wnnEgSLC4nDE1M+BUN3u+gMTJzR8fSnvJvPNRPN5hDuELOQiWWCmciM3AGFvYndbQIyBZnNxc3kxQQzAWw2Hn7zIIyLTYBr5ogbhTTCwCu7nH/6hh1Pf8KK7UKaQBvnCQYajmYfhS9itKjFQIDf3nvwV1JEH9Cg1TGM9kgxTuuYbosBpkfmAEfEKEk9IdCf3pDijtJXFSUxyJIFSOGZnvMAmStKORj96UuTr52TgAaejYTQsNJJ81dv2fe5vdhA3GEz0Kq1oYdDhfuEqNRwWxZn2Ap4pcLIws7GTt1MIL1ZfJM0RZ82n2ts+NtZGNc3liaJHGm8YXnhVo/BM45NTK79wwHEZ3LiDXnodTuT8QwN20K2KUYMcRhADgqLk1MmpaIRGrTan34St6WxR5lui4TIQYQ5YOkxGmbOEJQRJIVFTCu5StMwV2ZF4FRo+LRAZM05unqg9FH9RT/tzP6YZgLJEw7VCPW+N/pu9pikCYRyFG7kdrBrMD8sny4RWE4RuVxNVk2Mk+HjFbIps+fhNm4RvBmP/5sP6UPWPHEzEiTYPTy9lOyPj4/5ocYmNDy/05HzBAMNr/i9otEZXU204/MoCALtHgq0/Qmlj/hoddlPfxTqaSlmui0S6V7pmAMSEkYjr5MzNEBiz8Rir6R4pCBa4jbQds5TsFQZbeWXAunjigPZ1J40qnomCw+qNXKz9rvpgIL+z/xbwQHDB6HkI9+Wy9d6q+Tj8JP4rW5pt8kPzADvg+BMvkywhdm7bBTXthD7oo7LKmmcfa4Hu7d29j+1/Si5/fSEkPMEM7tBp9PCHYEAGD3FYxtRyjoQafVnfLPysAVBDnBSL9MumGBCNUFmhVxWaE17ZCw0REVkt/jLSasYaHTUf3pT97jSX984SJHRp6oggHz52WgobGjAL3nl9cL6jx0yocRyD324ff58bkbDMIIN6ayZ0LSIW9K/Tycfo9jiY+mDuMV8xeIAXgj2fWCzTdKNGgSJvxz8HvH5hZ2n/3rIOyytdHRcjQuGlYj0mdxuBmZiw2BnHROf/a3vz/b7GIWCKOhj3F4X8Y1DF40uSZdAH5Ap/TZHMl4cU8xMT1IoISeAAv3p9zyHrJfKaRNvCaG6R+nzVNUk1dBPhdbTHz5XzOwDQoZXBXcsgaR7wi+/74vA1meO127g03vUgR8KSh7j3/ibfbqr/RXBLOvTYiHI9M6E1+I+joV6WRezCZCzwtBY/ogKIABl3ctfODMc/Pu7X6lnfX43kym1VsUxNHCkvTbZZPTigJScLC4wwcyN+RTcUdeh6lcho413je/rmO/DxtsRRrczj/zWl/5SvSDkihEY3dvCx9XK+FZcsfARuaU2N5k5fpgNhGiOL5otq16yzCxp4I40WzeoRwdivn1xNgci+0dvK1VlI8HNkPPB2wbbByNFYShZZF4EhNVzLT5bnvaiz8AXCRK0zMolvu9O/tWf8QuIB0Mx/7Jz4+7gNhQuVyuUNbfGR1j//MCAfHWYS5CnBiSYr2jmqKKHb8ERRZ5+geFAaLXmtopnDlCpkQ+fbIEvyhHmLPI/lwg+TeDanRGkTIjbo7ezTgbkA6SCYQtK+vLkijKJEkHe7or8Tfdm9j8EsWXtgar1Tg3bPaWWIe2nEruQjEWJB8+EFz/0Bl1GcOSxPzlE5TXmSlQptUPoWd5mchY355nSOsE6/D3j927g4SciTzzb00ofufwzGBsey/DO8Lfxj3eLL08oV0gVZpO/+TGupT5PpKM0gsG9btQjHnTW9PdkKriWGjJ/arUA1GNqBCqQgQ2aG5grr5fPPgsCBka1BdIRwfW+Q9HyHV7S331Tf7+14Z+DzMjuYt5fgnivneJtsOatt+RtOszb7sfbXcTuA9rYz+fSsIzFo29Ei0WdUD0EemBWvqjtf31kKCQ3uTb98kiNWdni1vTWd827AlsTq01c5zINSwLLNCwJLNOwJLBMw5LAMg1LAss0LAks07AksEzDksAyDUsC/wemhLGhmmpC9AAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==",
"key": "54e66743-0617-46fd-9b7e-cc1044ac1ccd"
},
"ok": true
}